The notable physicist recognized for their contributions to understanding black holes is Stephen Hawking. His groundbreaking work, particularly the formulation of the Hawking radiation theory, revolutionized the understanding of black holes, suggesting that they can emit radiation and eventually evaporate. Hawking's popular science book, A Brief History of Time, brought complex concepts of cosmology to the public, bridging scientific knowledge with broader audiences. He faced significant physical challenges due to ALS, yet his resilience and intellect made him a symbol of scientific inquiry and determination.