The notable figure in women's rights who authored "The Feminine Mystique" is Betty Friedan. Published in 1963, the book sparked widespread discussion about women's roles in society and challenged the traditional notion of gender expectations. Friedan’s work is credited with igniting the second wave of feminism in America, advocating for women's equality and the pursuit of fulfilling careers. Her insights prompted many women to examine and assert their rights, significantly impacting social movements.