Albert Einstein contributed pivotal innovations that revolutionized our understanding of the universe. His theory of relativity, encompassing both special and general relativity, transformed the principles of physics, challenging notions of time, space, and gravity. The famous equation E=mc² illustrates the relationship between mass and energy, allowing for advancements in various fields, including nuclear physics. Beyond theoretical contributions, Einstein emphasized the ethical implications of scientific discovery, advocating for peace and humanitarian values during his later years, influencing both science and global thought.