The influential politician noted for their efforts toward economic reform and social welfare is Franklin D. Roosevelt. He served as the 32nd President of the United States during the Great Depression and World War II. Roosevelt's New Deal programs aimed to provide relief, recovery, and reform to mitigate the economic crisis. His policies expanded the role of the federal government in the economy, establishing social security, labor rights, and housing assistance. Roosevelt's leadership and vision significantly shaped modern American society and how the government interacts with its citizens, creating a legacy that continues to influence policy discussions today.