The British historian known for his critical examination of historical narratives is Eric Hobsbawm. He specialized in exploring the impacts of modernity and capitalism on historical development and is best known for works like "The Age of Revolution" and "The Age of Extremes." Hobsbawm's analyses provide insights into how history is shaped by ideologies, social movements, and economic factors. His critical perspectives challenge conventional narratives and encourage a multifaceted examination of historical events and figures.