Marie Curie's research profoundly changed our understanding of radioactivity, pioneering the study of this phenomenon. As the first woman to win a Nobel Prize and the only person to win in two different sciences (Physics and Chemistry), Curie isolated the radioactive elements polonium and radium. Her discoveries revealed the transformative properties of radioactive materials, leading to advancements in medical technologies, particularly in cancer treatment. Curie's work also laid the groundwork for understanding atomic structure and nuclear physics, significantly impacting both science and medicine.